Wealth Consists Not in Having Great Possessions, But in Having Few Wants – Epictetus
Created at: April 30, 2025
Wealth consists not in having great possessions, but in having few wants. — Epictetus
Redefining Wealth
Epictetus reframes the concept of wealth from accumulation to contentment. Rather than measuring riches by outward abundance, he suggests true wealth lies in one's ability to limit desires. In his *Discourses* (c. 108 AD), Epictetus urges followers to question whether they own things, or if things own them.
Stoic Philosophy on Desire
Central to Stoicism is mastering one's desires. The fewer unnecessary wants a person harbors, the less vulnerable they are to disappointment and anxiety. Seneca, another Stoic, echoes this in his letter collection *Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium*, writing, 'It is not the man who has too little, but the man who craves more, that is poor.'
Minimalism in Practice
The value placed on needing little can be seen throughout history. Diogenes the Cynic famously lived in a barrel, shunning material comfort. When offered a lavish meal, he reputedly said, 'If only it were as easy to banish hunger by rubbing my belly as it is to rub away dirt.' (Diogenes Laertius, *Lives of the Eminent Philosophers*).
Modern Relevance
In contemporary life, consumer culture encourages constant acquisition, often resulting in dissatisfaction. The popularity of minimalist lifestyles and books like Marie Kondo's *The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up* indicate a renewed interest in Epictetus’s principle—finding wealth in simplicity and reduced desire.
Psychological Wellbeing
Focusing on fewer wants promotes peace of mind. Studies in positive psychology show that gratitude and contentment, rather than material gain, correlate with wellbeing. This aligns with Epicurus's teaching: 'If you wish to be rich, do not add to your money, but subtract from your desire.' (Diogenes Laertius, *Lives of the Eminent Philosophers*).